Watermills by Meindert Hobbema

Mills powered by water, as those depicted by the Dutch Meindert Hobbema (1638-1704), were located along watercourses with small waterfalls. The force of water caused by the gap was enough to force the mobile mill to start moving and transform the cereal into powder which could be more or less fine.

Os moinhos movidos a água, como os representados pelo Holandês Meindert Hobbema (1638-1704), localizavam-se ao longo dos cursos de água com pequenas cachoeiras. A força da água provocada pelo desnível era suficiente para colocar a mó móvel em movimento e reduzir os cerais a pó com grau mais ou menos fino.

Meindert Hobbema (1638-1704)-'watermill'-oil on canvas   Paris-Musée du Louvre 

Meindert Hobbema (1638-1704)-'watermill'-oil on wood-(1663-1668)   Bruxelles-Musées Royaus des Beaux Arts

Meindert Hobbema (1638-1704)-'watermill'-oil on panel-ca 1666   Amsterdam-Rijksmuseum

Meindert Hobbema (1638-1704)-'a watermill beside a woody lane'-oil on canvas-ca 1665   Windsor-Royal collection

Meindert Hobbema (1638-1704)-'wooded landscape with watermill'-oil on canvas-(1662-1664)   Chicago-Art Institute

Ancient sites by Olfert Dapper

The Dutchman Olfert Dapper (ca 1635-1689) studied medicine at the University of Utrecht. As a doctor, he was at the service of the Dutch East India Company. He wrote Geography books about the Middle East and Africa (1688). One of them was translated from Dutch into English by John Ogilby.

O Holandês Olfert Dapper (ca 1635-1689) estudou medicina na Universidade de Utrecht. Como médico esteve ao serviço da Dutch East India Company. Escreveu livros de geografia sobre Próximo Oriente e África (1688). Um deles foi traduzido do Holandês para Inglês por John Ogilby.

Olfert Dapper (ca 1635-1689)-'Babylon on ancient Mesopotamia'-copper engraving 

Olfert Dapper (ca 1635-1689)-'Betlis in Turkey'-copper engraving 

Olfert Dapper (ca 1635-1689)-'Damascus in Syria'-copper engraving 

Olfert Dapper (ca 1635-1689)-'Smyrna in Turkey'-copper engraving

Olfert Dapper (ca 1635-1689)-'the great sphinx of Giza'-copper engraving 

Open air by Julian Alden Weir

The North American painter Julian Alden Weir (1852-1919) chose for his works many outdoors scenes.

O pintor Norte-Americano Julian Alden Weir (1852-1919) escolheu para as suas obras muitas cenas passadas ao ar livre.

Julian Alden Weir (1852-1919)-'at the water trough'-oil on canvas-(12876-1877)   Smithsonian American Art Museum 

Julian Alden Weir (1852-1919)-'after the ride'-oil on canvas-1903   Private collection

Julian Alden Weir (1852-1919)-'ploughing for buckwheat'-oil on canvas-1898   Carnegie Museum of Art

Julian Alden Weir (1852-1919)-'on the shore'-oil on canvas-1909   Private collection

Julian Alden Weir (1852-1919)-'the inlet'-drawing   Private collection

Journey Suez-Sinai by David Roberts

On February 7, 1839, David Roberts (1796-1864) left Cairo towards Palestine in order to visit the holy places of Christianity, without forgetting the Biblical and Islamic places. He published his etchings on “A Journey in the Holy Land”.

A 7 de fevereiro de 1839 saiu David Roberts (1796-1864) do Cairo em direção à Palestina com a finalidade de visitar os locais sagrados do Cristianismo, sem esquecer os lugares bíblicos e islâmicos. Publicou as suas gravuras em “A journey in the Holy Land”.

David Roberts (1796-1864)-'view of Suez'-drawing-1839 

David Roberts (1796-1864)-'Ayn Mousa. The wells of Moses'-drawing-1839 

David Roberts (1796-1864)-'approach to mount Sinai'-drawing-1839
  

David Roberts (1796-1864)-'Convent of Saint Catherine, mount Sinai'-drawing-1839 

David Roberts (1796-1864)-'ascent to the summit of mount Sinai'-drawing-1839 

Hungarian scenes by Oszkar Glatz

Human behavior varies individually with regard to its outward appearance, as the painter Oszkar Glatz (1872-1958) shows in these Hungarian scenes.

O comportamento humano varia individualmente no seu aspeto exterior, como mostra o pintor Oszkar Glatz (1872-1958) nestas cenas Húngaras.

Oszkar Glatz (1872-1958)-'girls in the field'-oil on canvas

Oszkar Glatz (1872-1958)-'going to church'-oil on canvas

Oszkar Glatz (1872-1958)-'reading a story'-oil on canvas

Oszkar Glatz (1872-1958)-'brothers'-oil on canvas

Oszkar Glatz (1872-1958)-'bathing children on the banks of lake Baleton'- oil on canvas

Paris by Jean-François Raffaëlli

As shown by Jean-François Raffaelli (1850-1924), the city of Paris has important monuments scattered in many neighborhoods.

Como mostra Jean-François Raffaëlli (1850-1924) a cidade de Paris possui importantes monumentos espalhados por muitos bairros.

Jean-François Raffaëlli (1850-1924)-'the Hotel de Ville'-oil on canvas   Montpellier-Musée Fabre

Jean-François Raffaëlli (1850-1924)-'the Institute'-oil on canvas-1897

Jean-François Raffaëlli (1850-1924)-'les Invalides: Napoleon's tomb'-oil on canvas-1895   Paris-Musée Carnavalet

Jean-François Raffaëlli (1850-1924)-'St. Germain-des-Près square'-oil on cardboard-1910   Private collection

Jean-François Raffaëlli (1850-1924)-'Montmartre street'-oil on panel   Private collection 

Witches’ sabbath

They are frequently portrayed as old women who possess great knowledge about black magic. They are depicted mounted on broomsticks, the most popular way to travel to their venues.

Aparecem inúmeras vezes representadas como mulheres velhas possuidoras de conhecimentos de magia negra. Surgem igualmente montadas em vassouras voadoras, a mais conhecida forma de deslocação para os locais de encontro.

Johann Jakob Wick (1522-1588)-'the witches' sabbath'

Arthur Rackham (1867-1939)-'the witches' sabbath'-illustration-ca 1900

Andries Jakobszoon Stock (ca 1530-ca 1648)-'the witches' sabbath'-engraving   Amsterdam-Rijksmuseum

Jacob Isaacszoon van Swanenburgh (ca 1571-1638)-'witches' sabbath in Roman ruins'-1608

Claude Gillot (1673-1722)-'the witches' sabbath'-oil on canvas   Paris-Bibliothèque des Arts Decoratifs

Ivan IV, the Terrible (1538-1584)

This Grand Duke of Moscow conquered Kasan, Astrakhan and Siberia. For that reason he entitled himself the Csar of all the Russias. He exercised great cruelty through his political police (oprichnik). In a fit of rage, he accidentally killed Ivan, his eldest son. He wanted to enter a convent. He died insane while playing chess.

Este Grão-duque de Moscovo conquistou Kasan, Astrakan e a Sibéria. Por esse motivo intitulou-se Csar de todas as Rússias. Exerceu grande crueldade por intermédio da sua polícia política (oprichnik). Furioso, matou acidentalmente Ivan, seu filho mais velho. Pretendeu entrar num convento. Morreu louco a jogar xadrez.

Alexander Dmitrievich Litovchenko (1835-1890)-'Ivan the Terrible showing his treasures to Jerome Horsey'--1875

Piotr Ivanovich Korovin (1857-1919)-'Ivan IV under the walls of Kazan (1552)'-(1880-1890)

Vyacheslav Grigorievich Schwartz (1838-1869)-'Ivan the Terrible meditating at the death of his son'

Klavdiy Vasilievich Lebedev (1852-1916)-'Ivan's repetance he ask a father superior of the Pskovo-Pechorsky monastery to let him take the tonsure at his monastery'

Ivan Jakovlevich Bilibin (1876-1942)-'death the Ivan the Terrible (last game)'-1935

Castel dell' Ovo in Naples

This monumental complex was built on the islet of Megaride in the Bay of Naples. It is said that in the 7th century BC the Greeks founders of the city of Partenope landed here. They say the name comes from the egg that Virgil brought in his clothes.

No ilhéu Megaride da baía de Nápoles construíram este complexo monumental. No séc. VII aC terão aqui desembarcado os Gregos fundadores da cidade de Parténope. Atribuem o seu nome ao ovo que Virgílio trazia nas suas vestes.

Anton Sminck van Pitloo (1791-1837)-'Castel dell' Ovo from the beach'-oil on canvas

Unknown-'view of the city of Naples from the sea'-oil on panel-1470   Napoli-Museo di San Martino (tavola Strozzi)

Carlo Bonavia (active 1740-1788)-'Castel dell'Ovo'- oil on canvas-1788   Honolulu- Academy of Arts

Carl Gustav Carus (1789-1869)-'Castel dell'Ovo a Naples'-oil on paper mounted on cardboard-1828   Private collection

Carl Gustav Carus (1789-1869)-'balcony room with a view of the bay of Naples'-oil on canvas-ca 1870   Berlin-Alte Nationalgalerie

The realist Thomas Cowperthwait Eakins

Native of Philadelphia, Thomas Cowperthwait Eakins (1844-1916), an avant-garde uncompromised realist, painted landscapes and figures of his time.

Natural de Filadélfia, Thomas Cowperthwait Eakins (1844-1916), vanguardista realista descomprometido, pintou figuras e paisagens do seu tempo.

Thomas Cowperthwait Eakins (1844-1916)-'a May morning in the park'-(1879-1880)   Philadelphia-Museum of Art

Thomas Cowperthwait Eakins (1844-1916)-'shad fishing at Gloucester on the Delaware river'-1881   Philadelphia-Museum of Art 

Thomas Cowperthwait Eakins (1844-1916)-'cowboys in the bad lands'-1888   Philadelphia-Museum of Art

Thomas Cowperthwait Eakins (1844-1916)-'the chess players'-opil on wood-1876   New York-Metropolitan Museum of Art

Thomas Cowperthwait Eakins (1844-1916)-'negro boy dancing'-watercolor on paper    New York-Metropolitan Museum of Art