Music by Judith Jans Leyster (1609-1660)

The painter Judith Jans Leyster (1609-1660) belonged to the so-called “golden age” period of Dutch painting. She portrayed musical motifs with fun characters.

A pintora Judith Jans Leyster (1609-1660) pertenceu ao período denominado 'idade de ouro' da pintura Holandesa. Representou motivos musicais com personagens divertidas.

Judith Jans Leyster (1609-1660)-'merry company'-oil on canvas-1630     Private collection

Judith Jans Leyster (1609-1660)-'music making company'-oil on canvas-1633     Private collection

Judith Jans Leyster (1609-1660)-'young flute player'-oil on canvas-1635      Stockholm-National Museum

Judith Jans Leyster (1609-1660)-'serenade'-1629   Amsterdam-Rijksmuseum

Judith Jans Leyster (1609-1660)-'merry (carousing) couple'-oil on canvas-1630   Paris-Musée du Louvre

Opium

Due to the presence of several alkaloids, the juice produced by the capsules of the “poppy joy” was used for medical or recreational purposes. Once dry, when smoked or chewed, it causes euphoria followed by oneiric sleep.

Devido à presença de vários alcalóides empregam o suco produzido pelas cápsulas das 'papoilas da alegria' com fins médicos ou recreativos. Depois de seco, quando fumado ou mascado, provoca euforia seguida de sono onírico.

Unknown (19th century)-'men smoking opium, sitting on lying on the ground'-miniature   London-British Library (Ms ID ASIO 49, fol. 3 Manners and customs, India Office Album, 1870)

William John Huggins (1781-1816)-'opium ships at Lintin in China, 1824'-engraving by Edward Duncan-(1840-1850)   Greenwich-National Maritime Museum

William James Müller (1812-1845)-'opium stall'-oil on panel-1841

Carlo Sarra (1844-1905)-'opium smoker'-oil on canvas-1890   Pavia-Civiche Raccolta d'Arte Moderna

Unknown-'genie carrying a poppy flower'-(bas-relief)   Paris-Musée du Louvre (from Khorsabad)

Iran, Chehel Sotoun Museun in Isphahan

Around the year 1600, King Abbas II of Persia ordered the building of a palace in the city of Isphahan for receptions and recreation. He decorated it with frescoes on different subjects.

Cerca do ano 1600 o rei Abbas II da Pérsia mandou construir na cidade de Isphahan um Palácio para recepções e recreio. Decorou-o com frescos sobre temas diversos.

Unknown (17th century)-'Shah Abbas II receiving Vali Nadr Muhamad Khan'-fresco

Unknown (17th century)-'battle of Chaldiran (1514) against Ottoman Sultan Selim I'-fresco

Unknown (17th century)-'reception'-fresco

Unknown (17th century)-'scene of battle'-fresco

Unknown (17th century)-'old war'-fresco

Aphrodite and Adonis

Aphrodite (Venus) is supposed to have been hit by one of the arrows of her son Eros (Cupid). For this reason she fell in love with Adonis. During one of the goddess’s travel in her winged car pulled by swans, she heard the screams of pain of her beloved one mortally wounded by a wild boar.

Afrodite (Vénus) ter-se-á ferido numa das setas de seu filho Eros (Cupido). Por essa razão apaixonou-se por Adónis. Durante uma deslocação da deusa no seu carro alado puxado por cisnes apercebeu-se dos gritos de dor do seu amado mortalmente ferido por javali.

Dirk Quade van Ravensteyn (ca 1576-1612)-'Aphrodite, Adonis and Eros'-oil on canvas   Paris-Musée du Louvre

François Lemoyne (1688-1757)-'Aphrodite, Adonis'-oil on canvas-1729  

(afrter) Joseph Heintz the elder (1564-1609)-'Aphrodite, Adonis'-oil on canvas-1603

Pyotr Ivanovich Sokolov (1753-1791)-'Aphrodite, Adonis'-oil on canvas-1782  

Jacopo Amigoni (1622-1752)-'Aphrodite, Adonis'-oil on canvas    München-Alte Pinakothek

American scenes - transport

Edward Lamson Henry (1841-1919) in his paintings portrayed some aspects of the means of transport used by North Americans of his time

Alguns aspectos dos transportes utilizados pelos Norte-americanos do seu tempo  deixou-os Edward Lamson Henri (1841-1919) nas suas pinturas.

Edward Lamson Henri (1841-1919)-'at the watering through'--oil on canvas-1895   Private collection

Edward Lamson Henri (1841-1919)-'carriage ride'-watercolor on paper, laid down in canvas-1886   Private collection

Edward Lamson Henri (1841-1919)-'early days of rapid transit'-oil on canvas   Private collection

Edward Lamson Henri (1841-1919)-'the Camden and Amboy railroad with engine 'Planet' in 1834-oil on canvas-1904   Private collection

Edward Lamson Henri (1841-1919)-'waiting for the ferry'-1906-oil on canvas

Copenhagen by Paul Gustave Fisher (1860-1934)

Some consider that the term “Copenhagen” derives from the word that means “port of the merchants” due to its location on an island situated in the passage from the North Sea to the Baltic. The Danish artist Paul Gustave Fischer (1860-1934) represented some of its main sites.

Há quem considere que a palavra “Copenhague” deriva do vocábulo que significa “porto dos comerciantes”, devido à sua localização numa ilha situada na passagem do Mar do Norte para o Báltico. O pintor Dinamarquês Paul Gustave Fisher (1860-1934) representou alguns dos seus principais locais.

Paul Gustave Fisher (1860-1934)-'a winter's day on Kongens Nitorv'-oil on canvas-1888

Paul Gustave Fisher (1860-1934)-'ved Gamel Strand'-oil on canvas   Private collection

Paul Gustave Fisher (1860-1934)-'a City Square'-oil on canvas

Paul Gustave Fisher (1860-1934)-'the Storkespringvandet in Amagertov'-oil on canvas

Paul Gustave Fisher (1860-1934)-'Bredgade'-oil on canvas

Birth of Christ (Geburt Christi)

The historicity of the birth of Jesus Christ has been long established, with the exception of one day that is not documented. For this reason Christian Churches have set a date according to their liturgical calendar.

A historicidade do nascimento de Jesus Cristo está há muito estabelecida, com excepção do dia que não se encontra documentado. Por essa razão as Igrejas Cristãs estabeleceram uma data de acordo com o seu calendário litúrgico.

Unknown-'Nativity'-modern Romanian icon

Meister der Palastkapelle-'Nativity'-mosaic-ca 1150   Palermo-Cappella Palatina

Mittelrheinischer Meister um 1420-'Heilige Familie mit Engeln' 'Holy Fam,ily with Angels'-oil on oak wood   Berlin-Gemäldegalerie

Bernardo Daddi (1290-1350)-'Birth of Jesus Christ'-oil on wood-(1325-1350)   Edinburgh-National Gallery of Scotland

Geertgen tot Sint Jans (ca 1460-ca 1488)-'Birth of Jesus Christ'-oil on wood-ca 1488   London-National Gallery

Five senses of the human body

The perception of the world that surrounds human beings depends on sensory factors that enable us to capture the surrounding reality. They are called: touch, taste, smell, hearing, sight, according to the hierarchy established in the Middle Ages

A percepção do mundo que rodeia os seres humanos depende de factores sensoriais susceptíveis de captar a realidade envolvente. Denominam-se: tacto, gosto, olfacto, audição, visão; de acordo com hierarquia estabelecida na Idade Média.

Sebastian Stoskopff (1597-1657)-'Summer or the Five senses'-oil on canvas-1633   Strasbourg-Musée de l'Oeuvre de Notre Dame

Giuseppe Recco (1634-1695)-'still-life with the Five senses'-oil on canvas-1676   Private collection

Theodoor Rombouts (1597-1637)-'allegory of 'the Five senses'-oil on canvas   Ghent-Museum voor Schone Kunsten

Abraham Bosse (1602-1676)-'the Five senses: hearing'-oil on canvas-ca 1635   Tours-Musée des Beaux Arts

Frans Francken younger (1581-1642)-'the Five senses'-oil on wood   Paris-Musée du Louvre

Jacques Linnard (1600-1645)-'the Five senses'-oil on canvas-1638   Strasbourg-Musée des Beaux Arts

Fishing in Antiquity

Fishing was, at all times, one of the easiest sources of obtaining animal protein. Therefore this activity is not forgotten by the painters of all centuries.

A pesca foi, em todas as épocas, uma das mais fáceis fontes de obtenção de proteínas de origem animal. Por essa razão não a esqueceram os pintores dos vários séculos.

Unknown-'fishing'-miniature-14th century Roma-Biblioteca Casanatense (Tacuinum Sanitatis, Ms 4182)

Unknown-'men fishing on the Nile'-roman mosaic-2nd century AD   Tripoli .Jamahiriya Museum (from Leptis Magma, Villa Nillus)

Unknown-'young man with fishing nets' and 'a couple fishing with net and fishing rod'-attic-(red-figure)-pelike-(480-470 BC)   Wien-Kunsthistoriches Museum antikensammlung (Vienna 3727)

Unknown (1292-1225 BC)-'fishermen, putting in nets, fishing with baskets'-wallpainting   Paris-Musée du Louvre (from Thebes-tomb of Ipy nº 217)

Unknown painter of Karlsruhe 66/140-'three sea-perch and three limpets'-Apulian-(red-figure)-plate-(340-320 BC)   London-British Museum (London F 266)

Railway development (19th century)

In the 19th century the advances in transportation had its high point in the creation of rail networks where trains circulated towed by steam machines.  Passengers and cargo were transported throughout the civilized world.

No séc. XIX o progresso dos transportes teve o seu ponto alto na criação de redes ferroviárias onde circulavam comboios (trens) rebocados por máquinas a vapor. Transportaram passageiros e carga por todo o mundo civilizado.

Cuthbert Hamilton Ellis (1909-1987)-'LSWR (London and South Western Railway) train'-1850   York-National Railway Museum

Carl von Ghega (1802-1860)-'construction of the Semmering Railroad Line first european mountain railroad across the Semmering Pass in Lower Austria'   Wien-Technisches Museum

Eduard Gurk (1801-1841)-'the railroad-bridge in Brno (ZR)'-watercolour-ca 1840   St Poelten-Niederösterreichiches Landesmuseum

Georges d'Espagnat (1870-1750)-'a suburban railroad station'-oil on canvas-ca 1895   Paris-Musée d'Orsay

Ignaz Sonntag (1801- )-'the train in Vienna (north train)'-Biedermeier coloured lithograph-1837   Wien-Historisches Museum der Stadt Wien

Unknown-'Emperor Frans Joseph I returns from his trip to Budapest and is greated at Vienna Western Railroad Station by the Lord Mayor of Vienna Karl Lueger'-watercolour   Wien-Nationalbibliothek